Facts about Sarcoids
- The sarcoid has several important implications for both owners and vets
- Sarcoids can occur in horses of all types/breeds, all colours and both sexes. Horses in all parts of the world are affected
- Sarcoid is best regarded as a form of skin cancer
- Sarcoid is not related to other forms of viral or reactive papilloma
- The commonest sites for sarcoid to be found are those areas with thin skin, limited or no hair cover and a tendency to sweat
- There are 6 different types of sarcoid
- Occult Sarcoid
- Verrucous Sarcoid
- Nodular sarcoid
- Fibroblastic Sarcoids
- Mixed Sarcoid
- Malignant Sarcoid
- The equine sarcoid can be mistaken for other conditions and other conditions can resemble sarcoid!
-
An individual horse may have one lesion or may have up to several thousand sarcoids
- Sarcoids occur at all body sites
- Not all horses respond in the same way either to the presence of sarcoid tumours or to the treatment modalities.
- It is not known whether sarcoid tumours are transmissible between horses.
- Can a horse (either mare or stallion) that is affected with sarcoids be used to breed?
- What is the risk to foals if their dams have sarcoids?
- Sarcoids are difficult to treat.
- Effective treatment is more certain if lesions are treated early, and if the horse is under 4 – 6 years of age
- A diagnosis can be confirmed by biopsy of the lesions
- The pathological features of the sarcoid are very recognisable in most cases
- There is no effective vaccine for sarcoid.
-
Flies may be important in the spread of sarcoid across the horse
- Sarcoids are commonly reported to multiply on an individual horse over the summer and grow over winter.
-
Horses with [many] sarcoids are often reported to perform less well
-
A horse that has any sarcoids at all is, by definition, liable to them and probably remains so for life.
- A few cases heal spontaneously with complete disappearance of the lesions
- Horses with sarcoids that injure themselves can develop serious sarcoid lesions at the site of the injury.
- Accidental injury or intentional damage (e.g. biopsy or surgical interference) to a sarcoid may result in a more aggressive lesion with rapid re-growth.
- An early diagnosis and prompt and effective treatment is the best overall policy.
- The commercial value of a horse with even one sarcoid is probably less on the open market than the same horse without a sarcoid.
- If you are considering the purchase of a horse with one or more sarcoids consider the following before purchase: